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Tech Notes
Toolmakers
BIND version 9 is a major rewrite of nearly all aspects of the underlying
BIND architecture. Some of the important features of BIND 9 are:
Source Code -
BIND 9.2.2
- PGP
Signature
Windows NT / Windows 2000 Binary Kit -
BIND
9.2.2
-
PGP SignatureISC BIND 9
BIND version 9 development has been underwritten by the following organizations:
Download:
BIND 9.2.2 is a maintenance release, containing fixes for a number of bugs in 9.2.0 and 9.2.1 but no new features.
libbind: from BIND 8.3.3. [CERT CA-2002-19]
Minimum OpenSSL version now 0.9.6e. [CERT CA-2002-23]
NOTE: RFC 2535 style DNSSEC is disabled as it is incompatible with the forthcoming DS style DNSSEC.
NOTE: dig, nslookup name. now report "Not Implemented" as NOTIMP rather than NOTIMPL. This will have impact on scripts that are looking for NOTIMPL.
BIND 9.2 includes a new lightweight stub resolver library and associated resolver daemon that fully support forward and reverse lookups of both IPv4 and IPv6 addresses. This library is still considered experimental and is not a complete replacement for the BIND 8 resolver library. Applications that use the BIND 8 res_* functions to perform DNS lookups or dynamic updates still need to be linked against the BIND 8 libraries. For DNS lookups, they can also use the new "getrrsetbyname()" API.
BIND 9.2 is capable of acting as an authoritative server for DNSSEC secured zones. This functionality is believed to be stable and complete except for lacking support for wildcard records in secure zones.
When acting as a caching server, BIND 9.2 can be configured to perform DNSSEC secure resolution on behalf of its clients. This part of the DNSSEC implementation is still considered experimental. For detailed information about the state of the DNSSEC implementation, see the file doc/misc/dnssec.
There are a few known bugs:
- On some systems, IPv6 and IPv4 sockets interact in unexpected ways.
For details, see doc/misc/ipv6. To reduce the impact of these problems, the
server no longer listens for requests on IPv6 addresses by default. If you
need to accept DNS queries over IPv6, you must specify
"listen-on-v6 { any; };" in the named.conf options statement.
- FreeBSD prior to 4.2 (and 4.2 if running as non-root) and OpenBSD prior
to 2.8 log messages like "fcntl(8, F_SETFL, 4): Inappropriate ioctl for
device". This is due to a bug in "/dev/random" and impacts the server's DNSSEC
support.
- OS X 10.1.4 (Darwin 5.4) reports errors like
"fcntl(3, F_SETFL, 4): Operation not supported by device".
This is due to a bug in "/dev/random" and impacts the
server's DNSSEC support.
- --with-libtool does not work on AIX.
For a detailed list of user-visible changes from previous releases, see the CHANGES file.
Building
BIND 9 currently requires a UNIX system with an ANSI C compiler, basic POSIX support, and a 64 bit integer type.
We've had successful builds and tests on the following systems:
- AIX 4.3
- COMPAQ Tru64 UNIX 4.0D
- COMPAQ Tru64 UNIX 5 (with IPv6 EAK)
- FreeBSD 3.4-STABLE, 3.5, 4.0, 4.1
- HP-UX 11.x, x < 11
- IRIX64 6.5
- NetBSD 1.5
- Red Hat Linux 6.0, 6.1, 6.2, 7.0
- Solaris 2.6, 7, 8
- Windows NT/W2K
HP-UX 11.11 is not yet supported due to its incompatible SIOCGLIFCONF ioctl.
Additionally, we have unverified reports of success from users of the following systems:
- AIX 5L
- SuSE Linux 7.0
- Slackware Linux 7.x, 8.0
- Red Hat Linux 7.1
- Debian GNU/Linux 2.2 and 3.0
- OpenBSD 2.6, 2.8, 2.9
- UnixWare 7.1.1
- HP-UX 10.20
- BSD/OS 4.2
- OpenUNIX 8
- MacOS X 10.1
To build, just
./configureDo not use a parallel "make". If you need to re-run configure please run "make distclean" first. This will ensure that all the option changes take.
make
Several environment variables that can be set before running configure will affect compilation:
CC
The C compiler to use. configure tries to figure out the right one for supported systems.
CFLAGS
C compiler flags. Defaults to include -g and/or -O2 as supported by the compiler.
STD_CINCLUDES
System header file directories. Can be used to specify where add-on thread or IPv6 support is, for example. Defaults to empty string.
STD_CDEFINES
Any additional preprocessor symbols you want defined. Defaults to empty string.
To build shared libraries, specify "--with-libtool" on the configure command line.
For the server to support DNSSEC, you need to build it with crypto support. You must have OpenSSL 0.9.5a or newer installed and specify "--with-openssl" on the configure command line. If OpenSSL is installed under a nonstandard prefix, you can tell configure where to look for it using "--with-openssl=/prefix".
To build libbind (BIND 8 resolver library), specify "--enable-libbind" on the configure command line.
On some platforms, BIND 9 can be built with multithreading support, allowing it to take advantage of multiple CPUs. You can specify whether to build a multithreaded BIND 9 by specifying "--enable-threads" or "--disable-threads" on the configure command line. The default is operating system dependent.
If your operating system has integrated support for IPv6, it will be used automatically. If you have installed KAME IPv6 separately, use "--with-kame[=PATH]" to specify its location.
"make install" will install "named" and the various BIND 9 libraries. By default, installation is into /usr/local, but this can be changed with the "--prefix" option when running "configure".
You may specify the option "--sysconfdir" to set the directory where configuration files like "named.conf" go by default, and "--localstatedir" to set the default parent directory of "run/named.pid". For backwards compatibility with BIND 8, --sysconfdir defaults to "/etc" and --localstatedir defaults to "/var" if no --prefix option is given. If there is a --prefix option, sysconfdir defaults to "$prefix/etc" and localstatedir defaults to "$prefix/var".
To see additional configure options, run "configure --help". Note that the help message does not reflect the BIND 8 compatibility defaults for sysconfdir and localstatedir.
If you're planning on making changes to the BIND 9 source, you should also "make depend". If you're using Emacs, you might find "make tags" helpful.
Building with gcc is not supported, unless gcc is the vendor's usual compiler (e.g. the various BSD systems, Linux).
- gcc-3.2.1 and gcc-3.1.1 is known to cause problems with solaris-x86
if the optimiser is enabled. Use -O0 to disable the optimiser.
- gcc ultrasparc generates incorrect code at -02.
A limited test suite can be run with "make test". Many of the tests require you to configure a set of virtual IP addresses on your system, and some require Perl; see bin/tests/system/README for details.
Documentation
The BIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual is included with the source distribution in DocBook XML and HTML format, in the doc/arm directory.The BIND 9 Administrator Reference Manual is also available in PDF format.
Some of the programs in the BIND 9 distribution have man pages under the doc/man directory. In particular, the command line options of "named" are documented in doc/man/bind/named.8. There is now also a set of man pages for the lwres library.
If you are upgrading from BIND 8, please read the migration notes in doc/misc/migration. If you are upgrading from BIND 4, read doc/misc/migration-4to9.
Frequently asked questions and their answers can be found in FAQ.
Bug Reports and Mailing Lists
Bug reports should be sent to: bind9-bugs@isc.org
To join the BIND 9 Users mailing list, send mail to: bind9-users-request@isc.org. Archives of this list can be found here.
If you're planning on making changes to the BIND 9 source code, you might want to join the BIND Workers mailing list. Send mail to: bind-workers-request@isc.org
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